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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shed 1. T. 0. JOHNSON.

BLAST APPARATUS. No. 363,294. Patented May 17, 1887.

N. PETERS. PholoLnhogmphur. wasnin mniu cv (No' Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

T. O. JOHNSON. BLAST APPARATUS.

No 363,294. x Patented May 1'7, 1887.

i, A. A.

iJNiTEn STATES PATENT Triton,

THOMAS ORANGE JOHNSON, OF MEBIDEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO HIM- SELF AND EDXVARD HENRY MUNSON, OF SAME PLACE.

BLAST APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 363,294, dated May 17,1887.

Application filed November 12, 1885. Serial No. 182,585. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS ORANGE JOHN- SON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, reslding at Meriden, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Blast Apparatus, of which the following is a specificat1011. This invention relates to a blast apparatus 1n which a reservoir or receiver is combined with a suitable valve for regulating the outflow from said receiver and with a b1ast-channel.

The object of the inventionis to afford facilities for the proper and economical production and application of blasts. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a section in the plane a; m, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a section in the plane y y, Fig. 1.-

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

I11 the drawings, the letterA represents the main or supporting frame of the apparatus, which main or supporting frame A can be made of any suitable material-as, for example, wood or iron-and said main or supporting frame can be made of such a shape as to inclose the working parts of the apparatus.

Bis a receiver or reservoir, which can be hung or supported in the frame Ain any suit able manner and by any suitable means. The outlet 0 of the receiver B communicates with another outlet, 1), and said reservoir or receiver B is provided with a valve, E, for regulating the outflow of material from the receiver B. A secondary valve, 0 0, can act supplementally to the first valve, E.

The secondary valve 6 0 can consist of two plates or wings, which can be slid toward or .irom one another, so as to leave aless or greater aperture between them or to close the outlet 1) entirely. By closing one of the plates or wings of the valve cc more than the other the space or outlet between the said wings or plates can be shifted toward one side or the other of the outlet D.

On each side of the outflow C are arranged blast-channels I I. A single blast-channel, I, could be employed; but it is preferable to have two blast-channels, I I, as shown in Fig. 1, so that the blast of air, steam, or gas can be directed along each side of exit 0. Each blasteccentrics c c, suitably mounted on shafts b d.

These shafts b d can be provided with suitable cranks or handles, and by turning the shafts b d the valves a and 6 can be opened or par tially opened and also closed, as desired.

The valve E of the exit C can be conveniently formed by snugly fitting a shaft or roller into the exit-channel Cby providing said shaft or roller with a slot, as seen in Fig. 1. By placing the valve E into the position shown in Fig. 1 the maximum outflow of material from the receiver B is obtained. By turning the valveE in one direction or another the outflow can be diminished or entirely shut off, as desired. The valve E can be operated by a suitable crank or handle, F.

Theblast-channels I I communicate by ducts or conduits H II with a tube or channel, G, into which air or gas can be forced or blown by any suitable apparatus as, for example, a fanblower. If, for example, the receiver or reservoir B is supplied with sand, it flows through the exits C D, and is thrown or impelled by the blast from the blastchannels I I M. The carrier or tray M can rest upon rollers K L, and said carrier or tray M can be in serted through the opening 0 in the frame A, near the arrow 1 in Fig. 1, and said tray can be moved at suitable speed through the apparatus in the direction of said arrow 1, and drawn out of the apparatus through another opening, 0, corresponding to the first-named opening 0. The desired motion can be communicated to the carrier or tray M by placing said carrier M upon rollers K L, and causing said rollers to revolve at a suitable speed and in the proper direction, By providing the tray M with a perforated bottom through 7 8 5 mechanism--as, for example, a carrier or tray,

which sand or small bodies can escape, accu mulation of such sand or small bodies upon the carrier M is prevented.

In the example shown in the drawings, it is only necessary to communicate motion to the rollers K K K,which will be sufficient to move carrier M along, the rollers Lserving merely as supporting-rollers. The axle N of the roller K can receive motion from a gear-wheel, O, to which motion is communicated from the shaft Q, mounted in suitablebearings, Z. The sh aft Q can be actuated by bevel-gcars R S, which bevel-gears receive motion from the main sh aft T, to which motion can be communicated by a suitable pulley and belt,-U, connecting with any suitable motive power.

The motion of vthe shaft N causes the roller K on said shaft N to turn, and by suitable pulleys,W V V, and belts Y X (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1) the remaining rollers K K can receive a revolving motion. The bearings for the axles of the rollers K L can be formed in the frame A, or in any suitable braces or bars in said support A;

When the material employed in the blastas, for example, sand-=has passed out from the carrier M, it falls on the ridge or inclined bottom r of the apparatus, and is led by the inclined ways i to the collecting space or spaces 8. I From these spaces 8 the sand or other material can be returned to the receiver B, to be used over again, thereby avoiding loss or waste.

.A suitable feeding mechanism can be employed to supply. sand or material automatically to the receiver B. As shown in the drawings, said feeding mechanism can consist of belts or chains '5, provided with suitable buckets or scoops, k. As the belts or chains t revolve in the directions of the arrows shown on said belts or chains, the buckets 7c gather up the sand or material from the spaces 8 and throw it into the chutes Z. These chutes Z, as shown in Fig. 2, can project from the sides of the receiver B into the paths of the buckets 7c, and the material passing from the buckets it into the chutes Z is led into the receiver B.

. Motion can be communicated to the belts or chainsi by causing said belts or chainsi to pass over pulleys h on the main shaft T, which main shaft can be revolved by the belt U, as already mentioned. Suitable pulleys, f, can also be mounted on a shaft, 9, at suitable positions in the apparatus, and said belts or chains t can be caused to pass over said pulleys f. The belts or chains t can also beled over guiderollers m, to prevent said chains or belts z from coming into improper contact with any part of the device. This apparatus will be found very useful, for example, in the cleaning of castings. It is known that when such articles as metal castings come from the molds, there adheres to such castings an amount of sand. By placing such castings upon the carrier M and allowing the same to travel through the apparatus the sandblast from the outflow or spout D will clean such castings. Of course,

I do not confine myself to the use ofthe'appa- 'ratus for the purpose of cleaning castings, as

said apparatus may be useful for other purposes-as, for example, for sanding glass. It is known that when glass is subjected to a sand blast it can be made translucent, or its transemery,or a mixture of sand and emery, or any other suitable material.

While the blast is in operation, the openmgs o 0 are closed by doors or covers a n, wh1oh can be swung upon pivots-or hinges, and which can be held open when desired by suitable hooks and chains, 19 p, or by other suitable means.

The apparatus can be closed by a cover or hood, a, provided with a waste pipe or outlet,

o, for carrying off dust and foreign matter or impurities. V,

The receiver or reservoir 13, as also the walls of the ducts H H, blast-ohannels I I, and exits O D, can be formed of metal or other suitable material. I have found it convenient to rest the receiver B upon the walls of the ducts H, so that upon the removal of thehood or dome u the receiver B can be lifted out of the apparatus for cleaning or repairing. For this purpose the pulleys It will first have to be loosened and the main shaft T removed from the apparatus. The walls. of the blast-channels I I can be made to rest on a brace or braces, A, or upon any suitable support or part of the frame A.

In order to prevent the rollers K L and the ridge or inclined bottom r from being injured by the impact of the sand or material from the blast, a covering of rubber or other soft or yielding material should be applied.

In the drawings, Fig. 2, the ridge or bottom r is shown as being covered with rubber'or yielding material, and -by making the rollers K L of rubber or other soft or yielding material said rollers K Lwill last much longer than if made of metal or hard material, as such hard material is liable to be cut away or worn by the impact of sand.

ICC

In order to enable the progress of the work While the apparatus is in use the flow of sand will be controlled by properly manipulating the valve E, and the force of the blast will be controlled through the valves a a. If it is desired to out off the sand-blast moment-- arily without closing the valves E and a, that effect can be" produced by closing the valves e e in the outlet D. Any portion of the article acted 011 can thus be exempted from the action of the sand-blast, as such article is passed beneath the outlet of the blast. 5 What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The combination, with the exterior casing, A, having the hood a and waste-pipe v, of the reservoir or receiver B, having dis- 1o charge-nozzle G and valve E, the surrounding blast-channels I, nozzle D, air-ducts H, sup-' ply-pipeG, and valves a a e e, and means,

substantially as shown, for presenting and moving articles beneath the nozzle D, as and 15 for the purpose herein set forth. 

